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洛尔迦诗选 加西亚·洛尔迦 著
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加西亚·洛尔迦

洛尔迦((Federico Garcia Lorca) 1898-1936),出版的诗集有《诗篇》、《歌集》、《吉卜赛谣曲集》和长诗《伊格纳西奥·桑切斯·梅希亚斯挽歌》等。 从众多记述来看,洛尔迦是一个幸福和快乐的人,智利诗人聂鲁达就用"幸福是他的皮肤"这样的话来形容他。他非常活泼、机灵和智慧,常常说出让人大吃一惊的话来,这些话语充满"光芒和露珠",象他的诗歌和剧作一样。然而洛尔加的《吉普赛谣曲》是痛苦的。当时西班牙宪警常常骚扰、迫害吉普赛人,洛尔加便写出这样的诗句来: 他们从公路上来临, 带着漆黑的灵魂, 夜间出动,弓背弓身, 哪里有活跃的气氛, 他们就在哪里布下 细沙般的恐惧 黑色橡胶的沉闷。 吉普赛人的苦难生活是一个极少被人触及的领域,除了在学术性著作中和调查报告中之外,艺术领域对这一话题是近于沉默的,即便涉及也大多是泛泛而谈,更多的笔触往往放在对具体的某一个人的描述上,另外,由于吉普赛人近乎浪漫的情调---他的歌舞、算卦以及他在自然世界中的流徙,这一民族在人类视野中更成为一种被夸饰和被美化了的存在。诚然,吉普赛人对痛苦和苦难是具有一种超然地看待和对待的,他们坚忍的和乐天的处世态度使他们几乎可以无视这些灾难和损伤,然而苦难毕竟是苦难,它应当得到正视、重视、补救和解决。洛尔加之所以宝贵和伟大的意义也正在于此,他写出和揭发了对吉普赛民族的歧视和迫害:"顽固、尖利的枪响"、"边走边把火放"以及"被割下的乳房"等等,而这些正是可以解决的人类的罪行: 啊,吉普赛人的城市, 谁能不记在心上? 痛苦和麝香的城市 还有桂皮和塔楼。 对于洛尔加来说,他记住的是吉普赛人"月亮和黄沙的游戏",是麝香和桂皮,是"绿色的肌肤,绿色的头发/眼睛里闪着凉丝丝的银光",而更多的却也是痛苦。 然而苦难并没有随着洛尔加的歌声消失,甚至诗人自己也成了苦难的象征和代表。1936年7月17日,西班牙内战爆发,两天以后的夜里,露珠一样纯净的洛尔加被长枪党活埋在格林纳达----这是一个被音乐和阳光永远牢记并歌唱的地方。那年他38岁。这个被聂鲁达赞誉为"集才华与本领、振翅的心灵与晶莹的瀑布于一身"的"民间之花"从此停止了歌唱和开放。 Federico García Lorca Federico García Lorca is possibly the most important Spanish poet and dramatist of the twentieth century. García Lorca was born June 5, 1899, in Fuente Vaqueros, a small town a few miles from Granada. His father owned a farm in the fertile vega surrounding Granada and a comfortable mansion in the heart of the city. His mother, whom Lorca idolized, was a gifted pianist. After graduating from secondary school García Lorca attended Sacred Heart University where he took up law along with regular coursework. His first book, Impresiones y Viajes (1919) was inspired by a trip to Castile with his art class in 1917. In 1919, García Lorca traveled to Madrid, where he remained for the next fifteen years. Giving up university, he devoted himself entirely to his art. He organized theatrical performances, read his poems in public, and collected old folksongs. During this period García Lorca wrote El Maleficio de la mariposa (1920), a play which caused a great scandal when it was produced. He also wrote Libro de poemas (1921), a compilation of poems based on Spanish folklore. Much of García Lorca's work was infused with popular themes such as Flamenco and Gypsy culture. In 1922, García Lorca organized the first "Cante Jondo" festival in which Spain's most famous "deep song" singers and guitarists participated. The deep song form permeated his poems of the early 1920s. During this period, García Lorca became part of a group of artists known as Generación del 27, which included Salvador Dalí and Luis Bu?uel, who exposed the young poet to surrealism. In 1928, his book of verse, Romancero Gitano ("The Gypsy Ballads"), brought García Lorca far-reaching fame; it was reprinted seven times during his lifetime. In 1929, García Lorca came to New York. The poet's favorite neighborhood was Harlem; he loved African-American spirituals, which reminded him of Spain's "deep songs." In 1930, García Lorca returned to Spain after the proclamation of the Spanish republic and participated in the Second Ordinary Congress of the Federal Union of H

作品数量 1本
累计字数 6467字
创作天数 1天

费德里科·加西亚·洛尔迦(federico garcia lorca,1989-1936)是20世纪最伟大的西班牙诗人、27年一代的代表人物。这位安达卢西亚之子把他的诗同西班牙民间歌谣创造性地结合起来,创造出了一种全新的诗体

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